New Detailed Philippine ECQ Guidelines Effective March 29 – April 4, 2021, Monday Announced By Speaker Harry Roque
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APPLIES TO: National Capital Region Bulacan Cavite Laguna Rizal CURFEW: 6:PM – 5:AM
DETAILED GUIDELINES ON ECQ (ENHANCED COMMUNITY QUARANTINE) WHICH STARTED TODAY MARCH 29 AT 12:01 AM TO APRIL 4, 2021 CURFEW: 6:00 PM TO 5:00 AM
Guidelines Cover: *Implementation of temporary measures imposing stringent (strict) limitations on movement and transportation of people
* Strict regulation of operating industries
* Provision of food and essential services
*Heightened presence of uniformed personnel to enforce Community Quarantine Protocols
To address the rising cases of COVID-19, the following measures shall be in place in areas under General Community Quarantine until 4 April 2021: a.
The operations of driving schools, traditional cinemas and video- and interactive- game arcades, libraries, archives, museums, and cultural centers, limited social events at accredited establishments of the DOT, and limited tourist attractions except open-air tourist attractions shall be temporarily suspended; b. Meetings, incentives, conferences, and exhibitions (MICE) events shall be limited to essential business gatherings at thirty percent (30%) venue capacity; c. Religious gatherings shall observe a maximum of thirty percent (30%) of the venue capacity provided that there is no objection from the local government unit where the religious gathering may take place. Provided further, that such LGUs have the discretion to allow higher venue capacity not exceeding fifty percent (50%) based on conditions in their localities; d. Venue capacity of dine-in restaurants, cafes, personal care services shall be reduced to a maximum of fifty percent (50%) of capacity; e. National government agencies are encouraged to defer the conduct of noncritical activities that would entail mass gatherings; and f. Cockfighting and cockpit operations are suspended, including in areas under Modified General Community Quarantine;
To implement the foregoing, all concerned government agencies are hereby requested to issue the appropriate operational guidelines.
Local government units shall retain the authority to impose a higher age limit for age-based restrictions for minors depending on the COVID-19 situation in their respective jurisdictions. The Metropolitan Manila Development Authority is directed to facilitate the establishment of reasonable and uniform exemptions with the local government units in the National Capital Region.
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Senator Richard Gordon, the chairperson and CEO of Philippine Red Cross is calling on covid-19 survivors to donate convalescent plasma that is very helpful in speeding up the recovery of covid patients in the hospital. Convalescent plasma is a blood plasma taken from people who have recovered from COVID-19. It contains antibodies that can recognize and neutralize SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, as well as other components that may contribute to an immune response.
Preliminary observational studies conducted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) indicates that convalescent plasma may improve outcomes among severely ill and hospitalized patients with COVID-19. “The evidence on convalescent plasma as a treatment for severe cases of COVID-19 is promising but incomplete. We need to carry out rigorous randomized control clinical trials to determine how this therapy can improve outcomes,” said NIH Director Francis S. Collins, M.D., Ph.D. “While the world waits for an effective vaccine, it is vital that we simultaneously expand the options for available treatments for those currently suffering from the worst effects of this disease.”
For those who are willing to donate, please contact the PRC Convalescent Plasma Center Hotline at 917-582-0499 and 915-399-7718
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“Undas” is a Filipino term used to refer to All Saints’ Day (November 1) and All Souls’ Day (November 2), which are observed in the Philippines as days to remember and honor the deceased. The history of Undas is rooted in a combination of indigenous Filipino traditions, Spanish colonial influence, and Catholic practices.
Indigenous Filipino Traditions: Before the arrival of the Spanish colonizers, indigenous Filipino communities had their own practices for honoring the dead. Many of these traditions revolved around the belief in an afterlife and the importance of maintaining a connection with deceased loved ones. This often involved rituals, offerings, and ceremonies at gravesites.
Spanish Colonial Influence: When the Spanish colonized the Philippines in the 16th century, they brought with them Catholicism. All Saints’ Day and All Souls’ Day, which were already observed in Europe, were integrated into the Filipino cultural calendar. This led to the development of Undas as a Christian observance.
Blend of Catholic and Indigenous Traditions: Over time, the observance of Undas became a blend of Catholic practices and indigenous Filipino traditions. People visit cemeteries to offer prayers, light candles, and bring flowers to the graves of their loved ones. It’s a time for families to come together and remember those who have passed away.
Public Holiday: In the Philippines, All Saints’ Day and All Souls’ Day are national holidays. Many people travel to their hometowns or ancestral villages to visit cemeteries and spend time with family.
Traditional Filipino Foods: Undas is also known for traditional Filipino foods and delicacies that are prepared and shared during this time. These may include bibingka (rice cake), puto (rice cakes), and various sweet treats.
Undas is a significant cultural and religious observance in the Philippines that reflects the fusion of indigenous customs and Spanish Catholic traditions, with a strong emphasis on honoring and remembering the departed.
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Transport Secretary Jaime Bautista talks about changes made in Manila International Airport, the privatization program, and the progress of the Bulacan airport project. He also discusses the Metro Manila Subway project and how they plan to make it better than the current train system.
Transport Secretary Jaime Bautista outlines changes in Manila International Airport operations
• Rationalization of terminals and assignments implemented.
• The initial checkpoint before entering the airport was removed.
• Convergence program with the Department of Tourism established.
• Additional immigration counters and improved check-in processes were implemented to address congestion.
Privatization of Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA)
Manila International Airport to be privatized to increase capacity and handle 50 million passengers initially, up to 60 million with infrastructure support.
• Average number of passengers passing through Manila International Airport increased to almost 140,000 a day.
• NEDAM board approved terms of reference for privatization of Manila International Airport.
• Capacity to increase from 32 million to 50 million passengers a year initially, and up to 60 million with infrastructure support.
• Government’s solicited proposal for privatization is for 15 years, while the unsolicited proposal pushed by the new airport consortium is for 25 years.
New Manila International Airport in Bulacan
The plan for the new Bulacan airport includes extending the concession agreement for 15 years, with the possibility of an additional 10 years, and implementing more infrastructure projects.
• The current airport has only two intersecting runways, causing delays.
• The aim is to increase aircraft movements per hour from 38-40 to at least 48, allowing for more passengers.
• Additional terminals or expansion of existing terminals will be needed to support the increased operations.
The Bulacan Airport may be partially operational before the end of President Marcos’ term.
• Development for the airport is almost 70 to 75 percent complete.
• Construction of runways and passenger terminal building will start after the land development is completed.
• Financing is available, and the technical team is working on the plans.
• The Metro Manila Subway is 33 percent complete and will be fully operational in six years.
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Chocolate Hills of Negros, known as Hinakpan Mystical Hills, is a popular destination of Negros Oriental.
This fascinating natural wonder of the Philippines is located in the town of Hinakpan, City of Guihulngan, in the Province of Negros Oriental.
Hinakpan Mystical Hills offer beautiful scenery of 237 conic limestone hills, scattered throughout the villages of Hinakpan.
They are known for their similar appearance to the Chocolate Hills of Bohol, but with a few key differences.
Hinakpan Mystical Hills are not as evenly spaced as the Chocolate Hills of Bohol. They are scattered randomly across the landscape.
They offer stunning views of the surrounding countryside and are a great place to go hiking and camping. It is a promising beautiful spot for tourists and nature enthusiasts seeking panoramic views.
Hinakpan Mystical Hills of Negros is also a pilgrimage site for Catholic visitors. One of the hills called Monte Calvario was developed into the station of the cross, giving catholic visitors a chance to do their station of the cross during holy week as they walk towards the peak of Monte Calvarion. The station of the cross ends at the biggest crucifix standing on the center top of Monte Calvario Hill.
Aside from the Big Crucifix on top of the Monte Calvario hill is also a viewing deck where visitors can enjoy a 360-degree panoramic view of the entire scenery. The viewing deck or elevated viewpoints showcases the natural beauty of the Hinakpan Mystical Hills. This spot is popular for sightseeing, photography, and appreciating the geographical features and landmarks of the region.
The significance it holds as a pilgrimage site for religious visitors gives a unique touch to this tourist destination. It’s fascinating to know that one of the hills, called Monte Calvario, has been developed into a station of the cross, providing an opportunity for Catholic visitors to partake in the traditional practice of the Stations of the Cross during Holy Week.
The Stations of the Cross is a devout catholic Christian ritual that commemorates the events leading up to the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. It typically consists of 14 stations or stops, each representing a specific event from the Passion of Christ, and is often observed through prayer and meditation as individuals walk the path from one station to another.
Having this religious site at the peak of Monte Calvario hill makes it a unique and spiritually significant destination for those who wish to participate in this devotional practice amidst the natural beauty of the surrounding hills. The presence of the biggest crucifix at the center top adds to the reverence and solemnity of the pilgrimage experience.
If you’re considering visiting Hinakpan Mystical Hills during Holy Week or at any other time, it’s essential to respect the religious significance of the site and be mindful of the practices and customs observed by the local community and fellow visitors. Always approach religious sites with reverence and sensitivity to ensure a meaningful and respectful experience.
If you plan to visit Monte Calvario hilltop or any other similar location, ensure you take necessary precautions and follow local guidelines for visitors. Always prioritize safety and respect the natural environment during your exploration.
Hinakpan Mystical Hills has a similar seasonal transformation to the Chocolate Hills of Bohol. During the summertime, the conic hills are covered with brown grasses, resembling chocolates, which is a striking and unique sight for visitors.
On the other hand, during the rainy seasons, when there is more moisture, the brown grasses likely give way to lush greenery, providing a completely different scenic view. The contrast between the two seasons offers a dynamic and ever-changing landscape, making it an attractive destination for tourists throughout the year.
Experiencing both the brown, chocolate-like appearance and the vibrant green scenery would be an exciting opportunity for visitors to appreciate the natural beauty and diversity of the Hinakpan Mystical Hills. As with any natural phenomenon, the best time to visit depends on personal preferences and the experience you wish to have. Whether it’s the “chocolate” brown hills or the lush green hills, each season offers its own charm and appeal.
In this article, we are going to tell the story behind the famous Hundred Islands in Alaminos Pangasinan Philippines.
The Hundred Islands is a popular tourist destination located in the province of Pangasinan, in the northern part of Luzon Philippines. It is a group of approximately 124 small islands and islets scattered along the Lingayen Gulf. The islands are known for their picturesque beauty, unique geological formations, and diverse marine life.
Here’s a brief history of the Hundred Islands National Park in Pangasinan.
Pre-Colonial Era: Before the arrival of the Spanish colonizers in the 16th century, the area around the Hundred Islands was inhabited by indigenous peoples, notably the Pangasinenses. These early inhabitants relied on fishing and agriculture for their livelihoods.
Spanish Colonial Era: The Spanish explorer Juan de Salcedo arrived in the Philippines in 1572, and in 1580, he explored the Lingayen Gulf, including the area where the Hundred Islands are located. The Spanish colonial administration subsequently took control of the region, and it became part of the province of Pangasinan.
American Period: After the Spanish-American War, the Philippines came under American colonial rule in the early 20th century. During this time, the islands remained relatively undeveloped and mostly untouched, except for some limited commercial activities.
Post-World War II: After World War II, tourism in the Philippines began to grow, and people started to discover the beauty of the Hundred Islands. In 1945, the islands were declared a National Park by President Manuel Roxas, making it one of the first protected areas in the country.
Development as a Tourist Destination: Over the years, the Philippine government has developed infrastructure and amenities to accommodate tourists in the Hundred Islands National Park. Cottages, picnic areas, and other facilities were built to attract visitors and promote tourism in the region.
Environmental Protection: In recent decades, there has been a growing awareness of the need to protect the fragile marine and terrestrial ecosystems of the Hundred Islands. Efforts have been made to implement sustainable tourism practices and preserve the natural beauty and biodiversity of the area.
Today, the Hundred Islands remains one of the most popular destinations in the Philippines, attracting both local and international tourists. It continues to be managed as a protected area to ensure its conservation for future generations to enjoy.
To commemorate the day when Pangasinan became an encomienda and the year it became a province, Pangasinan celebrates April 5, 1580 as the official founding day of the province of Pangasinan. At that time, its territorial jurisdiction included the province of Zambales and parts of La Union and Tarlac.
Owing to the rich and fine salt beds that were abundant in the province’s coastal areas, Pangasinan acquired its name as “Panagasinan” or “Pangasinan,” which translates to “where salt is made.” The significance of salt in the early history of the province cannot be overstated, as it played a crucial role in shaping the local economy and culture.
In pre-colonial times, long before the arrival of the Spanish colonizers, the indigenous communities of Pangasinan discovered vast salt beds along its coastal regions. These salt beds were formed by the natural evaporation of seawater, leaving behind precious salt deposits. The early Pangasinenses skillfully harvested the salt using traditional methods, such as salt evaporation ponds or “baling,” where seawater was allowed to evaporate, leaving the salt crystals behind.
The abundance of high-quality salt in Pangasinan proved to be a valuable resource for both local consumption and trade with neighboring regions. The salt was not only essential for preserving food but also for various industries, such as fish preservation and textile dyeing.
The importance of salt in Pangasinan’s economy led to the establishment of coastal towns and communities that specialized in salt production. These towns became centers of salt trade, attracting merchants and traders from distant places who sought to acquire the prized commodity.
As the salt industry flourished, the name “Panagasinan” became synonymous with the thriving salt-making activities in the region. Over time, the name evolved into its present form, “Pangasinan,” which carries the proud legacy of the province’s historical association with salt production.
Today, while the salt industry remains a part of Pangasinan’s heritage, the province has diversified its economy and embraced various other sectors, including agriculture, fishing, tourism, and commerce. However, the name “Pangasinan” stands as a testament to the province’s rich history, cultural identity, and the ingenuity of its people who skillfully harnessed the bountiful resources of their coastal lands to create a livelihood that sustained their communities for generations.
Title: The Rich Heritage of Pangasinan: Tracing the Origins and Evolution of a Resilient Province
Introduction:
Pangasinan, a province in the Philippines located on the western part of the island of Luzon, boasts a long and storied history that dates back to pre-colonial times. Its strategic location along the Lingayen Gulf has made it a significant center of trade, commerce, and cultural exchange. To commemorate the milestones of its past, Pangasinan celebrates April 5, 1580, as its official founding day, marking the day when it became an encomienda and the year it was established as a province. This paper endeavors to delve deep into the origins and evolution of Pangasinan, exploring its indigenous roots, the impact of colonization, and the province’s journey towards autonomy.
I. Pre-Colonial Roots:
Before the arrival of Spanish colonizers in the 16th century, Pangasinan was inhabited by indigenous communities, notably the Pangasinenses. These early inhabitants relied on fishing, agriculture, and trade for their livelihoods, flourishing along the coast and the banks of the Agno River. They had a sophisticated culture, evidenced by their advanced agricultural practices, intricate weaving, and rich oral traditions passed down through generations.
The region’s coastal towns were blessed with rich and fine salt beds, a prime source of livelihood for the Pangasinenses. This natural abundance of salt contributed significantly to their economic prosperity and cultural identity, eventually giving rise to the name “Pangasinan,” which means “where salt is made.”
II. The Arrival of the Spanish:
The arrival of Spanish explorer Juan de Salcedo in the 16th century marked the beginning of Spanish colonization in Pangasinan. Salcedo and his expedition encountered the Pangasinenses, leading to their integration into the Spanish colonial administration. As part of the Spanish encomienda system, the Pangasinenses were subjected to forced labor and tribute, drastically altering their way of life.
Despite Spanish influence, the Pangasinenses managed to preserve their cultural heritage, incorporating elements of Spanish culture into their own practices. This blending of traditions is evident in various aspects of Pangasinan’s identity, including its language, cuisine, and religious festivities.
III. The Evolution into a Province:
In 1580, Pangasinan was officially established as an encomienda, marking the beginning of its territorial jurisdiction. Over time, its boundaries expanded to include parts of present-day Zambales, La Union, and Tarlac. As the Spanish presence solidified, Pangasinan became an integral part of the Spanish colonial administration in the Philippines.
The year 1850 was a significant turning point for Pangasinan when it was formally recognized as an independent province, distinct from its neighboring regions. The province continued to thrive as an important hub for trade and commerce, and its coastal towns played a vital role in connecting the Philippines to the broader Southeast Asian trading network.
IV. The Journey towards Autonomy:
In the early 20th century, the Philippines witnessed a push for autonomy and independence from colonial rule. The people of Pangasinan actively participated in the Philippine Revolution against Spain, and later, the fight for independence from American colonization.
Throughout these tumultuous times, the resilience and determination of the Pangasinenses shone through, as they fought for their rights and the preservation of their cultural heritage. Pangasinan’s contribution to the struggle for Philippine independence remains an integral part of its identity.
V. Modern Pangasinan:
In the present day, Pangasinan has evolved into a vibrant and dynamic province, blending its rich history with the demands of modernity. The province is renowned for its thriving agriculture and fishing industries, producing rice, corn, fish, and other agricultural products that contribute significantly to the national economy.
Pangasinan’s tourism industry is also flourishing, attracting visitors with its beautiful white sand beaches, crystal-clear waters, and stunning landscapes. The Hundred Islands National Park, a cluster of limestone islands, is a major tourist attraction, drawing both local and international travelers.
The province takes pride in its cultural heritage, evident in the preservation of traditional arts, crafts, and folkloric traditions. Festivals such as the Pista’y Dayat (Feast of the Sea) and the Bangus Festival showcase the Pangasinenses’ deep connection to their coastal environment and their gratitude for bountiful harvests.
Conclusion:
Pangasinan’s journey from its indigenous roots to its status as a thriving and vibrant province is a testament to the resilience, adaptability, and cultural pride of its people. The celebration of April 5, 1580, as the official founding day of Pangasinan is a reminder of the province’s rich heritage and its significant contributions to Philippine history and culture.
As Pangasinan continues to embrace the future while cherishing its past, it stands as a living testament to the enduring spirit of its people and the richness of its diverse cultural heritage. The province’s unique blend of tradition, history, and modernity makes it a treasure trove of stories and experiences that continue to captivate visitors and enrich the tapestry of the Philippines’ cultural landscape.
7.12 square miles
Hundred Islands National Park is located in the northern Philippines in the province of Pangasinan. There are 124 pristine coral reef islands scattered across an area of 7.12 square miles (18.44 sq km). The islands feature a coral reef foundation with the above ground cliffs being comprised of limestone.
Where is Lopez Island Pangasinan located?
Lopez Island Pangasinan is located in the northern part of the Philippines, specifically in the province of Pangasinan.
1. What are the activities that can be done in Lopez Island Pangasinan?
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2. How do I get to Lopez Island Pangasinan?
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3. Is there an entrance fee to visit Lopez Island Pangasinan?
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4. What are the nearby tourist attractions in Lopez Island Pangasinan?
The story behind the founding of Fortune Tobacco Corporation in the Philippines is an intriguing tale of entrepreneurship and success.
Fortune Tobacco was founded in 1966 by these four men: Tan Kee Hiong was the chairman of the company, Santos was the president, Tanenglian was the vice president, and Lucio Tan was the treasurer. The company was initially a small operation, but it grew rapidly under the leadership of these men. By the 1970s, Fortune Tobacco was the leading cigarette company in the Philippines.
In 2010, Fortune Tobacco merged with Philip Morris Philippines Manufacturing Inc. to form PMFTC. PMFTC is now the largest tobacco company in the Philippines, and it is one of the largest tobacco companies in the world.
Lucio Tan, born on July 17, 1934, in the Fujian province of China, migrated to the Philippines with his family at a young age. He grew up in poverty and faced numerous challenges in his early life. Despite these difficulties, Tan possessed an entrepreneurial spirit and a strong determination to succeed.
In the 1960s, Lucio Tan ventured into various business ventures, including a plastic manufacturing company and a liquor distillery. However, it was in 1966 that he took a significant leap by co-founding Fortune Tobacco Corporation. At the time, the Philippine tobacco industry was dominated by foreign companies, and cigarettes were primarily imported.
With his sharp business instincts, Lucio Tan saw an opportunity to tap into the growing demand for locally manufactured cigarettes. They started Fortune Tobacco with a vision to produce affordable, quality cigarettes that catered to the Filipino market.
In its early years, Fortune Tobacco faced stiff competition from established foreign tobacco companies. However, through strategic marketing, competitive pricing, and a commitment to quality, Fortune Tobacco slowly gained traction in the market. The brand’s flagship product, “Hope,” quickly gained popularity among Filipino smokers.
One pivotal moment in Fortune Tobacco’s growth came in the 1970s when the Philippine government implemented policies to support domestic industries. These policies included import restrictions on cigarettes, which provided a boost to local cigarette manufacturers like Fortune Tobacco.
As the company continued to flourish, Lucio Tan diversified his business interests into other industries, including banking, real estate, airlines, and beverages. He became one of the wealthiest individuals in the Philippines and an influential figure in the country’s business and political landscape.
Throughout the years, Fortune Tobacco Corporation maintained its position as one of the leading cigarette manufacturers in the Philippines. The company’s success was attributed not only to its innovative marketing strategies but also to its commitment to social responsibility and corporate citizenship.
Brand Name
Description
Hope
A flagship brand known for its affordability
Champion
Known for its strong and bold flavor
Fortune
A well-established brand with a wide market presence
Mark
Offers various variants, including Menthol and Lights
More
Known for its smooth taste and premium quality
Marvels
Offers premium cigarette variants
Premier
Known for its classic flavor and packaging
Winston
An international brand available in the Philippines
Boss
Terra
West Point
Camel
etc
2010: Fortune Tobacco Corporation, merged with Philip Morris, an international tobacco company, in February 2010 making the merger known to be PMFTC or Philip Morris Fortune Tobacco Corp.
However, Fortune Tobacco, like many other tobacco companies, faced criticism and challenges related to the health risks associated with smoking. In response, the company implemented measures to promote responsible smoking and comply with government regulations.
Fortune Tobacco’s journey from a small startup to a major player in the Philippine tobacco industry is a testament to Lucio Tan’s entrepreneurial vision and determination. The company’s success has left a lasting impact on the country’s economy and society.
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Sinulog Festival - List of Philippine Culture and Traditions
Here is an extensive list of some popular Philippine traditions, including the regions where they are celebrated, a brief history of the traditions, how they came to be, and key people associated with them. Please note that this list provides a glimpse into the diverse traditions of the Philippines, but it may not cover all of them due to the country’s rich cultural heritage.
Sinulog Festival (Cebu City, Cebu): Region: Central Visayas (Cebu) History: The Sinulog Festival traces its roots back to the early Filipino people’s animistic practices. When Ferdinand Magellan arrived in Cebu in 1521, the island’s ruler, Rajah Humabon, and his wife were baptized as Catholics. To honor this event, the locals celebrated by dancing and offering prayers. Over time, the festival evolved, incorporating elements of Christianity and becoming a vibrant cultural and religious event.
Key People: The Santo Niño image and the Basakanon (native Cebuano) people, who play a vital role in preserving the tradition and showcasing the vibrant street dances.
Pahiyas Festival (Lucban, Quezon): Region: Calabarzon (Quezon) History: The Pahiyas Festival has its origins in the indigenous practices of the locals, particularly the Itneg people, who used to decorate their houses with agricultural produce as offerings to their deities. The festival gained a Christian context when Spanish friars encouraged the people to decorate their homes in honor of San Isidro Labrador, the patron saint of farmers.
Key People: The people of Lucban, who diligently decorate their homes with rice, fruits, vegetables, and colorful rice wafers (kiping) to express gratitude for a bountiful harvest.
Kadayawan Festival (Davao City, Davao del Sur): Region: Davao Region (Davao City) History: The Kadayawan Festival is rooted in the pre-colonial practices of the indigenous tribes in Mindanao. It was a gathering of various tribes to celebrate their unity, cultural heritage, and abundant harvests. The festival was later revived in the 1980s to promote Davao City’s tourism and to showcase the city’s rich indigenous cultures.
Key People: The indigenous tribes of Davao, including the Ata, Bagobo, B’laan, Mansaka, and more, who actively participate in showcasing their traditional dances, music, and crafts during the festival.
Panagbenga Festival (Baguio City, Benguet): Region: Cordillera Administrative Region (Baguio City) History: The Panagbenga Festival was created as a way to uplift the spirit of the people of Baguio City after the devastating 1990 Luzon earthquake. The festival’s name means “Season of Blooming” and is a month-long celebration of flowers, highlighting Baguio’s reputation as the “Summer Capital of the Philippines.”
Key People: The Baguio Flower Festival Foundation, Inc. and the local government of Baguio City, who organize the festival, as well as the creative and talented residents who craft the beautiful flower floats.
Ati-Atihan Festival (Kalibo, Aklan): Region: Western Visayas (Kalibo) History: The Ati-Atihan Festival has its roots in the pre-colonial traditions of the Aklanon people, particularly the Ati tribe. It was later influenced by the arrival of the Malay settlers and the introduction of Christianity. The festival celebrates the friendship between the Ati people and the Malays, honoring the Santo Niño as a symbol of unity.
Key People: The participants, known as “Atis,” who paint their faces with black soot, wear traditional Visayan attire, and dance on the streets to the beat of drums and indigenous instruments.
Paskuhan sa Imus (Imus, Cavite): Region: Calabarzon (Imus) History: Paskuhan sa Imus, also known as the “Christmas Festival,” dates back to the Spanish colonial period. The festival commemorates the town’s transition to Christianity when the Spanish missionaries introduced Catholicism. The festivities include a grand procession, known as “Karakol,” where devotees carry the image of the Virgin Mary.
Key People: The locals of Imus, particularly the Imus Cathedral parishioners and the local government, who organize the festival and actively participate in the religious processions.
Pintados-Kasadyaan Festival (Tacloban City, Leyte): Region: Eastern Visayas (Tacloban City) History: The Pintados-Kasadyaan Festival merges two separate festivals: the Pintados Festival and the Kasadyaan Festival. The Pintados Festival honors the ancient tattooed warriors of the region, while the Kasadyaan Festival celebrates Leyte’s rich cultural heritage. The fusion of these festivals aims to showcase the region’s diverse indigenous cultures and promote tourism.
Key People: The Pintados Foundation, Inc. and the Leyte Provincial Government, who collaborate to organize and preserve the cultural traditions of the region.
Giant Lantern Festival (San Fernando, Pampanga): Region: Central Luzon (San Fernando) History: The Giant Lantern Festival, locally known as “Ligligan Parul,” originated in the barrios of San Fernando, where farmers would craft lanterns from bamboo and lit them with candles during the Christmas season. Over time, the lanterns grew larger and more intricate, eventually leading to the organized competition that exists today.
Key People: The lantern makers, known as “paruleros,” who meticulously create the giant lanterns, as well as the local government and the Christmas Capital of the Philippines Foundation, who organize and promote the festival.
Pista ng Nazareno (Quiapo, Manila): Region: National Capital Region (Quiapo, Manila) History: The Pista ng Nazareno, or Feast of the Black Nazarene, dates back to the arrival of the dark-skinned, life-sized statue of Jesus Christ carrying the cross in Quiapo. The statue was brought to Manila by a Spanishmissionary in the 17th century. The procession and devotion to the Black Nazarene grew over the centuries, symbolizing faith, resilience, and miracles.
Key People: Devotees of the Black Nazarene, including the members of various religious brotherhoods and the Hijos del Nazareno, who actively participate in the procession and ensure the smooth flow of the event.
Lanzones Festival (Mambajao, Camiguin): Region: Northern Mindanao (Mambajao, Camiguin) History: The Lanzones Festival is a celebration of the bountiful harvest of the lanzones fruit, a tropical fruit native to Camiguin Island. The festival originated from the locals’ desire to showcase the island’s agricultural abundance and promote tourism.
Key People: The people of Mambajao, particularly the local farmers and residents, who organize the festival, adorn the streets with lanzones, and participate in the street dancing and parade.
These traditions represent just a small fraction of the diverse cultural heritage and celebrations across the Philippines. Each tradition has its own unique history, regional significance, and dedicated individuals or organizations who work tirelessly to preserve and promote them. The rich tapestry of Philippine traditions showcases the country’s vibrant cultural landscape and reflects the deep-rooted values, faith, and unity of its people.
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The Kibungan Summit Cross Country Traverse is a challenging and exhilarating trek that takes adventurers through the rugged and picturesque landscapes of the Kibungan mountain range in the province of Benguet, Philippines. This traverse offers a unique opportunity to explore the remote and untouched beauty of the region while immersing oneself in the rich cultural heritage of the indigenous communities. In this comprehensive guide, we will outline the route, highlights, and essential information for undertaking the Kibungan Summit Cross Country Traverse.
Route Overview: The Kibungan Summit Cross Country Traverse typically starts from the municipality of Kibungan itself or from nearby jump-off points such as Barangay Palina or Barangay Buguias. The traverse can be done in either direction, but for the purpose of this guide, we will describe the route from Kibungan to Buguias.
Day 1: Kibungan to Sitio Nabag-o The trek begins in Kibungan, where you will navigate through forested trails, river crossings, and ascending slopes. The trail meanders through breathtaking landscapes, offering panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. After several hours of trekking, you will reach Sitio Nabag-o, where you can set up camp for the night.
Day 2: Sitio Nabag-o to Sitio Malatdang Continuing the traverse, you will proceed to Sitio Malatdang. This leg of the journey takes you through mossy forests, steep ascents, and challenging terrains. Along the way, you may encounter vibrant flora and fauna endemic to the area. The trail will test your endurance and agility, rewarding you with stunning vistas as you reach Sitio Malatdang, where you will camp overnight.
Day 3: Sitio Malatdang to Buguias The final day involves descending towards Buguias, passing through verdant landscapes, rice terraces, and rural communities. You will be greeted by the warm hospitality of the locals, who will provide insights into their culture and traditions. The trek culminates in Buguias, where you can celebrate the completion of the traverse and reflect on the incredible journey you have experienced.
Highlights and Essential Tips:
Scenic Landscapes: The Kibungan Summit Cross Country Traverse offers breathtaking views of rolling hills, lush forests, cascading waterfalls, and terraced rice fields. Be sure to take your time and appreciate the natural beauty of the surroundings.
Cultural Immersion: Along the traverse, you will have opportunities to interact with the indigenous communities, such as the Ibalois and Kankanaeys. Engage in conversations, learn about their way of life, and respect their customs and traditions.
Physical Fitness and Preparation: The Kibungan Summit Cross Country Traverse requires a good level of physical fitness and endurance. Prepare yourself by engaging in regular exercise, cardiovascular activities, and strength training prior to the trek. It is also advisable to consult with a local guide or experienced mountaineer for advice on the difficulty level and suitability of the traverse for your fitness level.
Pack Essentials: When embarking on the traverse, ensure you have essential trekking gear, including a sturdy backpack, proper hiking shoes, lightweight and quick-drying clothing, a reliable tent, a sleeping bag suitable for the weather conditions, a camping stove, sufficient food and water supplies, and basic first aid equipment.
Local Guide and Permits: Engaging a local guide familiar with the traverse and the area is highly recommended for safety and navigation purposes. Additionally, check with the local authorities or tourism office for any required permits or fees before embarking on the trek.
Leave No Trace: Practice responsible tourism and leave no trace behind. Respect the environment, follow designated trails, dispose of waste properly, and minimize your impact on the natural surroundings.
The Kibungan Summit Cross Country Traverse offers an unforgettable adventure through some of the most stunning landscapes in the Philippines. It provides an opportunity to connect with nature, appreciate indigenous cultures, and challenge yourself physically. Remember to plan and prepare adequately, respect the local communities and environment, and embrace the journey with an open heart and a sense of adventure.
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The Kibungan Summit, also known as Mount Tagpew, is a prominent mountain peak located in the municipality of Kibungan in the province of Benguet, Philippines. While the specific historical details of the Kibungan Summit itself may not be widely documented, the area holds significance in terms of its cultural heritage, natural beauty, and its importance to the indigenous communities in the region.
Benguet, as a whole, has a rich history as one of the indigenous highland regions of the Philippines. The indigenous people of Benguet, collectively known as the Ibalois, have inhabited the area for centuries and have a deep connection to the land and mountains surrounding Kibungan. These mountains have played an essential role in the cultural and spiritual beliefs of the indigenous communities.
For generations, the Ibalois have utilized the mountainous terrain for their livelihoods, practicing traditional agriculture and cultivating crops such as rice, vegetables, and coffee. The mountains have also provided them with natural resources for their daily needs. The Ibalois have a profound respect for the land and maintain a harmonious relationship with nature, recognizing its significance for their survival and cultural identity.
In recent years, the Kibungan Summit and its surrounding areas have gained attention from outdoor enthusiasts and adventurers who appreciate the natural beauty and challenge of climbing the mountain. Mountaineers and hikers are drawn to the panoramic views, pristine landscapes, and the sense of adventure that the Kibungan Summit offers.
While the historical details specific to the Kibungan Summit itself may not be extensively documented, it is important to recognize that the mountain is part of a larger historical and cultural context. The indigenous heritage of the region, the Ibalois’ connection to the land, and the traditional practices associated with the mountains contribute to the overall historical significance of the area.
As a place of natural beauty, cultural importance, and outdoor recreation, the Kibungan Summit continues to attract visitors who appreciate its unique characteristics and wish to explore the region’s rich heritage. It serves as a reminder of the deep-rooted history and cultural identity of the indigenous communities in Benguet, as well as a testament to the enduring value of the mountains in the lives of the people who call this region home.
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Depart from Metro Manila and head to Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) for your flight to Caticlan Airport or Kalibo International Airport, the gateways to Boracay.
Upon arrival, take a short transfer to the Caticlan Jetty Port if you landed in Caticlan or a longer transfer to the port if you arrived in Kalibo.
Board a ferry or speedboat to Boracay Island.
Afternoon:
Check-in at your chosen accommodation on Boracay Island.
Freshen up and take some time to relax and settle into your surroundings.
Head to White Beach, the most famous and popular beach on the island.
Enjoy a leisurely stroll along the powdery white sand, dip your toes in the turquoise waters, and take in the breathtaking views.
Indulge in a delicious beachfront lunch at one of the many restaurants and eateries along White Beach.
Evening:
Experience the vibrant nightlife of Boracay. Visit D’Mall, a bustling commercial area filled with shops, bars, and restaurants.
Enjoy a sumptuous dinner at a local eatery, sampling fresh seafood and traditional Filipino dishes.
Explore the nightlife scene along the beach, with numerous bars and clubs offering live music, DJ sets, and dancing.
Day 2: Island Adventures and Water Activities
Morning:
Start your day with a hearty breakfast at your hotel or a beachside café.
Embark on an island-hopping adventure to explore the surrounding islands and snorkel in their pristine waters. Visit popular spots such as Puka Beach, Crystal Cove, and Crocodile Island. Swim, snorkel, and marvel at the vibrant marine life and coral reefs.
Afternoon:
Return to Boracay Island and have a relaxing lunch at a beachfront restaurant.
Try out thrilling water activities such as parasailing, jet skiing, or flyboarding. Experience the adrenaline rush and enjoy panoramic views of Boracay from above.
Unwind with some beach time and enjoy the tranquility of the island. Lounge on the sand, read a book, or simply soak up the sun.
Evening:
Witness a stunning sunset on Boracay’s beaches. Head to the quieter shores of Puka Beach or Diniwid Beach for a more serene experience.
Dine at one of the beachfront restaurants, savoring a romantic dinner while admiring the breathtaking views.
After dinner, take a leisurely walk along the beach, enjoying the cool sea breeze and the sound of crashing waves.
Day 3: Cultural Exploration and Farewell to Boracay
Morning:
Start your day with a leisurely breakfast at your hotel.
Explore the cultural side of Boracay by visiting the Motag Living Museum. Learn about the island’s indigenous people, their traditions, and their way of life. Participate in demonstrations of local crafts, such as weaving and pottery making.
Visit Willy’s Rock, an iconic landmark on Boracay Island. Take a few photos and appreciate the stunning rock formation.
Afternoon:
Enjoy a sumptuous seafood lunch at one of the local restaurants.
Indulge in some last-minute shopping at D’Mall, where you can find souvenirs, clothing, and handicrafts.
Take a relaxing massage or spa treatment to pamper yourself before leaving the island.
Evening:
Bid farewell to Boracay as you head back to the port.
Take the ferry or speedboat back to Caticlan or Kalibo.
Catch your return flight to Metro Manila.
This 3-day itinerary offers a mix of relaxation, adventure, cultural experiences, and beachside bliss, allowing you to make the most of your time in Boracay. Of course, feel free to adjust the itinerary based on your preferences and the specific attractions or activities you wish to include during your getaway.
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Provisions in Tydings-McDuffie Act or Philippine Independence Act of 1934
The Tydings-McDuffie Act, also known as the Philippines Independence Act, included several key provisions regarding the future of the Philippines. Here are some of the major components of the law:
Declaration of Philippine Independence: The law recognized the right of the Philippines to be an independent nation and set a timeline for the granting of independence.
Establishment of a Commonwealth Government: The act provided for the establishment of a transitional government called the Commonwealth of the Philippines. The Commonwealth government would have a president and a bicameral legislature consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives.
Ten-Year Transition Period: The law specified a ten-year period of transition during which the Philippines would be governed by the Commonwealth government. This period was intended to allow for the gradual transfer of governmental powers from the United States to the Philippines.
Economic Provisions: The act included economic provisions that aimed to protect the interests of both the United States and the Philippines. It established trade arrangements between the two countries, such as tariff arrangements and quotas.
Military Provisions: The law provided for the retention of certain military bases and facilities by the United States in the Philippines. It also outlined the terms for future negotiations regarding the defense and security relationship between the two nations.
Protection of Civil Liberties: The act included provisions that guaranteed civil liberties and fundamental human rights for the Filipino people. This included safeguards for freedom of speech, religion, and the press.
The Tydings-McDuffie Act, or the Philippines Independence Act, included provisions that addressed the interests and concerns of the United States in relation to the Philippines. Here are some of the key provisions related to the United States:
Retention of Military Bases: The law allowed for the retention of certain military bases and facilities by the United States in the Philippines. This provision ensured that the United States maintained a presence for defense and security purposes in the region.
Economic Provisions: The act included economic provisions that aimed to protect the economic interests of the United States. It established trade arrangements, such as tariff arrangements and quotas, to safeguard American industries and products in the Philippine market.
Immigration Quotas: The law specified immigration quotas for Filipino nationals to the United States. It limited the number of Filipinos who could immigrate to the United States, reflecting concerns over labor competition and potential strain on American resources.
Protection of Property Rights: The act provided safeguards for property rights of American citizens in the Philippines. It ensured that American property rights and investments in the Philippines would be protected during the transition to independence.
These provisions reflected the United States’ interests in maintaining strategic military bases, safeguarding its economic interests, and addressing concerns related to immigration and property rights. The Tydings-McDuffie Act aimed to strike a balance between granting independence to the Philippines and addressing the concerns of the United States as a colonial power during that time.
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