President Ferdinand “Bongbong” Marcos Jr. has officially declared April 1, 2025, as a regular holiday throughout the Philippines in observance of Eid al-Fitr. The announcement recognizes the cultural and religious significance of the occasion for the country’s Muslim population, allowing communities to celebrate the holiday with family, prayer, and festivities.
Eid al-Fitr, one of the most significant holidays in the Islamic calendar, marks the end of Ramadan, the holy month of fasting observed by Muslims worldwide. In 2025, Eid al-Fitr is expected to fall on March 30 or 31, depending on the sighting of the crescent moon. The declaration of April 1 as a national holiday ensures that Filipino Muslims can properly observe the occasion and participate in traditional celebrations without work or school obligations.
The Meaning and Importance of Eid al-Fitr
Eid al-Fitr, also known as the “Festival of Breaking the Fast,” is a time of joy and gratitude. It is a moment when Muslims express their thanks to Allah for giving them the strength and patience to complete the month-long fast of Ramadan. The holiday also serves as a time for communal gatherings, acts of charity, and reflection on spiritual growth. Unlike other Islamic holidays, which may include fasting, Eid al-Fitr is a celebration where fasting is forbidden, emphasizing feasting and togetherness.
The Sighting of the Moon and Determining the Date
The Islamic calendar is lunar-based, meaning that the dates of holidays vary each year. The sighting of the crescent moon determines the official end of Ramadan and the beginning of Shawwal, the 10th month of the Islamic calendar. Islamic scholars and religious authorities in different countries announce the date of Eid based on moon sighting reports. Because of time zone differences, some Muslim communities may observe Eid al-Fitr on different days.
Traditions and Celebrations
Eid al-Fitr is celebrated with various customs and traditions, many of which have been passed down for generations. Some of the key elements of the holiday include:
1. Eid Prayers (Salat al-Eid)
The day of Eid begins with a special prayer performed in large congregations at mosques, open fields, or designated prayer areas. The prayer consists of two units (rakats) and is followed by a sermon reminding worshippers of the importance of gratitude, compassion, and community.
2. Giving of Zakat al-Fitr
A key aspect of Eid al-Fitr is charity. Before the Eid prayer, Muslims are required to give a special form of charity called Zakat al-Fitr. This donation, usually given in the form of food or money, ensures that the less fortunate can also partake in the holiday celebrations.
3. Dressing in New Clothes
Muslims often wear new or their best clothes on Eid as a symbol of renewal and cleanliness. In many cultures, traditional attire is worn, reflecting the rich diversity of Muslim communities around the world.
4. Family Gatherings and Feasting
One of the highlights of Eid al-Fitr is the festive meals enjoyed with family and friends. Traditional dishes vary by country and region but often include sweets, rice dishes, meats, and pastries. Popular treats include baklava, maamoul, sheer khurma, and biryani.
5. Visiting Relatives and Friends
Eid al-Fitr is a time for strengthening family bonds and rekindling relationships. It is customary to visit loved ones, exchange greetings of “Eid Mubarak” (Blessed Eid), and give gifts, particularly to children.
6. Community and Cultural Festivities
In many countries, Eid is celebrated with large public gatherings, fairs, and cultural performances. Special events such as fireworks, parades, and community meals enhance the festive atmosphere.
Eid al-Fitr in the Philippines
In the Philippines, where Islam is the second-largest religion, Eid al-Fitr is a national holiday. The government recognizes the cultural and religious significance of the event, allowing Muslim Filipinos, particularly in Mindanao and other Muslim-majority regions, to celebrate freely. Many businesses and schools close for the day, enabling families to observe the holiday together.
The celebration in the Philippines is marked by grand prayers in mosques, community feasts, and festive gatherings. Special events are often held in Muslim-populated areas like Marawi, Cotabato, and parts of Metro Manila, showcasing traditional dances, food festivals, and religious lectures.
The Spirit of Eid: A Time for Reflection and Gratitude
Beyond the feasting and celebrations, Eid al-Fitr is a time for spiritual reflection and self-improvement. Muslims are encouraged to maintain the discipline and compassion developed during Ramadan by continuing acts of kindness, generosity, and devotion to faith.
As the world comes together to celebrate Eid al-Fitr in 2025, the holiday serves as a reminder of the values of unity, gratitude, and social responsibility. Whether through prayers, charity, or joyful gatherings, Eid al-Fitr fosters a sense of belonging and reinforces the bonds that connect communities worldwide.
Eid Mubarak! May this Eid bring peace, prosperity, and happiness to all.
